| Name of the CM | Duration | Party | Home Constituency |
| Harekrushna Mahatab | 15-08-1947 – 12-05-1950 | Indian National Congress | – |
| Nabakrushna Choudhury | 12-05-1950 – 19-10-1956 | Indian National Congress | – |
| Harekrushna Mahatab (Second Term) | 19-10-1956 – 22-05-1959 | Indian National Congress | – |
| President’s Rule | 22-05-1959 – 21-02-1961 | – | – |
| Biju Patnaik (First Term) | 23-06-1961 – 02-10-1963 | Indian National Congress | Jagannathprasad |
| Biren Mitra | 02-10-1963 – 21-02-1965 | Indian National Congress | Cuttack |
| Sadashiva Tripathy | 21-02-1965 – 08-03-1967 | Indian National Congress | – |
| Rajendra Narayan Singh Deo | 08-03-1967 – 09-01-1971 | Swatantra Party | Bolangir |
| President’s Rule | 11-01-1971 – 21-01-1971 | – | – |
| Biju Patnaik (Second Term) | 24-01-1971 – 03-01-1972 | Utkal Congress | Rajya Sabha |
| President’s Rule | 03-01-1972 – 03-03-1974 | – | – |
| Nandini Satpathy (First Term) | 06-03-1974 – 16-12-1976 | Indian National Congress | Dhenkanal |
| President’s Rule | 16-12-1976 – 29-12-1976 | – | – |
| Nandini Satpathy (Second Term) | 29-12-1976 – 30-04-1977 | Indian National Congress | Dhenkanal |
| Nilamani Routray | 26-06-1977 – 17-02-1980 | Janata Party | Basudevpur |
| President’s Rule | 17-02-1980 – 09-06-1980 | – | – |
| Janaki Ballabh Patnaik (First Term) | 09-06-1980 – 07-12-1989 | Indian National Congress | Athmallik |
| Hemananda Biswal (First Term) | 07-12-1989 – 05-03-1990 | Indian National Congress | Jharsuguda |
| Biju Patnaik (Third Term) | 05-03-1990 – 15-03-1995 | Janata Dal | Bhubaneswar |
| Janaki Ballabh Patnaik (Second Term) | 15-03-1995 – 17-02-1999 | Indian National Congress | Begunia |
| Giridhar Gamang | 17-02-1999 – 06-12-1999 | Indian National Congress | Koraput |
| Hemananda Biswal (Second Term) | 06-12-1999 – 05-03-2000 | Indian National Congress | Jharsuguda |
| Naveen Patnaik (First Term) | 05-03-2000 – 16-05-2004 | Biju Janata Dal (BJD) | Hinjili |
| Naveen Patnaik (Second Term) | 16-05-2004 – 21-05-2009 | Biju Janata Dal (BJD) | Hinjili |
| Naveen Patnaik (Third Term) | 21-05-2009 – 21-05-2014 | Biju Janata Dal (BJD) | Hinjili |
| Naveen Patnaik (Fourth Term) | 21-05-2014 – 29-05-2019 | Biju Janata Dal (BJD) | Hinjili |
| Naveen Patnaik (Fifth Term) | 29-05-2019 – Present | Biju Janata Dal (BJD) | Hinjili |
Harekrushna Mahatab was the first Chief Minister of Odisha and a senior Congress leader. A freedom fighter, he was instrumental in the integration of princely states into Odisha. His tenure emphasized rural development, education, and laying the foundation for modern infrastructure. Known as the “Utkal Keshari”, he is remembered for his administrative skill and cultural contributions.
Nabakrushna Choudhury, also from Congress, carried forward land reform policies, introducing tenancy rights for farmers. He focused on social justice, agrarian reforms, and education expansion. His government also encouraged the growth of cooperative movements.
Biju Patnaik, a legendary freedom fighter, aviator, and visionary leader, transformed Odisha’s politics. His first term focused on industrialization and building ports, airports, and factories. He founded major institutions such as the Paradeep Port and NALCO (National Aluminium Company). In the 1990s, as CM again, he emphasized infrastructure, irrigation, and education. His legacy continues through the Biju Janata Dal (BJD), founded by his son Naveen Patnaik.
Biren Mitra, from Congress, became CM after Biju Patnaik. His government emphasized urban development, administrative efficiency, and infrastructure growth. Though his tenure was short, he played a stabilizing role in Congress politics in Odisha.
Sadashiva Tripathy, another Congress leader, worked to promote agriculture and irrigation projects. His administration also encouraged rural employment programs and attempted to balance caste and regional issues.
Singh Deo was the leader of the Swatantra Party, which briefly ruled Odisha. A royal from Bolangir, he focused on agricultural modernization, irrigation, and strengthening local governance. His leadership showed the rise of non-Congress alternatives in Odisha’s politics.
Known as the “Iron Lady of Odisha”, Nandini Satpathy was one of the most prominent women leaders of the Indian National Congress. She emphasized women’s welfare, education, and poverty alleviation schemes. Her government expanded school enrollment and housing programs. However, she also faced criticism for her alignment with Indira Gandhi during the Emergency (1975–77).
Routray, from the Janata Party, became CM after the Emergency. His tenure emphasized democratic revival, farmers’ welfare, and transparency in governance. He attempted to undo authoritarian policies of the Emergency years and empower local bodies.
A powerful Congress leader, Patnaik dominated Odisha politics for two decades. His government focused on agriculture, irrigation, education, and temple development projects (notably Puri Jagannath Temple). He also encouraged cultural revival and literature. Despite controversies, he remains one of the state’s longest-serving CMs.
Biswal was the first tribal Chief Minister of Odisha. Representing Congress, his tenure highlighted tribal welfare, rural development, and irrigation projects. Though his terms were short, he is remembered for raising the voice of marginalized communities.
Gamang, also from Congress, served briefly as CM. His focus was on education, Scheduled Tribe welfare, and rural healthcare. However, his tenure was marked by political instability within the Congress.
Naveen Patnaik, son of Biju Patnaik, founded the Biju Janata Dal (BJD) and became CM in 2000. He has since become one of India’s longest-serving Chief Ministers. Known for his clean image, simplicity, and efficient governance, Naveen introduced schemes such as KALIA (farmers’ assistance), Mission Shakti (women’s self-help groups), and Biju Swasthya Kalyan Yojana (healthcare). His focus on disaster management, women’s empowerment, and welfare governance has made him one of India’s most respected leaders. As of 2025, he continues to lead Odisha.
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